Recent Projects

In May 2023, EPA proposed to strengthen tailpipe emissions standards for greenhouse gas and criteria pollutants for both light-duty and medium-duty vehicles. The standards apply to vehicle model years beginning in 2027 and would increase in stringency through model year 2032. In our comment letter, we explain that the Proposed Rule represents a sensible approach to cost-effectively reducing motor vehicle pollution that contributes to climate change and harms public health. We suggest that EPA take some additional steps to robustly support the regulation and ensure a complete presentation of benefits and costs.

We recently filed comments to EPA on its proposal to grant the State of Louisiana primary enforcement responsibility (primacy) over Class VI injection wells used for geologic carbon sequestration. Our comments encourage EPA to ensure that Louisiana has adequate and timely plans for transitioning Class II enhanced oil or gas recovery wells to the Class VI program, where appropriate, in order to mitigate safety concerns. Louisiana’s planned timeline for Class II transition fails to meet some of the requirements set forth in EPA’s regulations and guidance, and the state’s Class II transition plan and related regulations may be inadequate for mitigating risks. Our comments also encourage EPA to provide thorough responses to all concerns raised by community members about risk and oversight of injection wells, and require appropriate risk-mitigation measures before granting primacy.

In 2019, New York’s Climate Leadership and Community Protection Act (Climate Act) was passed by the Legislature and signed by the Governor. The Climate Act set economy-wide greenhouse gas emissions limits and established the Climate Action Council. In its Scoping Plan, the Climate Action Council ultimately recommended implementation of a cap-and-invest program to meet the Climate Act’s emissions reduction requirements. In preparation for developing a proposal, DEC and NYSERDA conducted a preliminary stakeholder outreach process consisting of a series of online Stakeholder Feedback Sessions followed by an informal comment opportunity. Policy Integrity filed comments focused on the scope and structure of the stakeholder outreach process. 

In 2022, as part of a multi-year MI Power Grid Initiative initiative focused on maximizing the benefits of the transition to clean, distributed energy resources, the Michigan Public Service Commission (PSC) directed specified Michigan electric utilities to file a proposal for a benefit-cost analysis (BCA) framework for use in evaluating prospective pilot programs.  In February 2023, DTE Electric Company and Consumers Energy filed a BCA proposal, and on June 23, Policy Integrity submitted comments to the PSC on that propsal. Our comments made several recommendations to ensure that the BCA framework would be useful for properly weighting environmental impacts associated with proposed pilots and maximizing net benefits, including that the test ultimately adopted should incorporate Michigan’s decarbonization policy with greater specificity.

In April, the Environmental Protection Agency released a proposal to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from heavy-duty vehicles beginning in model year 2027. Jointly with six other organizations, we submitted comments on EPA’s application of the social cost of greenhouse gases in that rule. Our comments applaud the agency for appropriately applying the social cost of greenhouse gases to estimate the climate benefits of the proposed standards. We also suggest that EPA apply additional analysis to the rule and all alternatives using draft updated climate-damage valuations that EPA released in November 2022.

Together with Resources for the Future, we submitted comments to the New York Public Service Commission in response to questions posed by the Commission about addressing barriers to medium- and heavy-duty electric vehicle charging. Our comments focus on the possibility for managed charging to reduce infrastructure needs and on additional considerations to optimize emissions outcomes. Our comments are centered around depot charging and draw on research that examines fleet charging needs in a depot setting.

Along with seven partners, we submitted a letter to the Department of the Treasury about the best methodology for determining lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions of hydrogen production when calculating the applicable amount of the 45V production tax credit (PTC). The letter had two primary purposes: (1) if local hourly energy matching is adopted as part of 45VPTC implementation, to highlight the critical importance of defining “local” in such a way that avoids increasing carbon emissions, and (2) to advocate for carbon matching as a more cost-effective and scalable alternative compliance pathway that also solves the problem that local hourly energy matching addresses.

Following the passage of the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law, the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) proposed implementing regulations for its authority to site transmission projects that have been rejected or not acted upon by states. We filed comments advising FERC that, to make these determinations and satisfy FERC's obligations under the National Environmental Policy Act, the Commission must consider how proposed transmission projects would affect emissions from power plants. Our comments further recommend improvements to the proposed rule's environmental justice provisions, which also relate to FERC's obligation to ensure that proposed projects are consistent with the public interest.

We submitted comment letters to the Department of Energy (DOE) on its proposed rules to strengthen energy conservation standards, respectively, for consumer conventional cooking products and external power supplies. Our comments applaud the agency for appropriately applying the social cost of greenhouse gases to estimate the climate benefits of the proposed standards. We also suggest that DOE apply additional analysis to each rule using draft updated climate-damage valuations that the Environmental Protection Agency released in November 2022.

In January, the Council on Environmental Quality published interim guidance providing best practices to federal agencies on the consideration of climate change in environmental reviews conducted under the National Environmental Policy Act. The guidance provides helpful direction to agencies on assessing how proposed actions and their alternatives (1) will contribute to climate change through their greenhouse gas emissions; and (2) will potentially be affected or have their environmental consequences exacerbated by climate change impacts. Our comment commends CEQ on its thorough guidance and provides recommendations to strengthen both areas.